Evaluation of anemia in children american family physician. The most common hemolytic anemia in the world population is sickle cell anemia, with an incidence of 1600 newborns in the united states and spain some regions 15000 incidence of infants. Normochromic anemia is defined as anemia with mchc values in the normal range 33 to 34 gdl. Hyperchromic anemia is defined as anemia with high mchc. The normal reticulocyte count in a patient with a normal hb and hct is about 1%. Sickle cell anemia, an inherited disorder characterized by abnormal, crescentshaped red blood. Outline basic hematological parameters discuss types of anemia and their clinical manifestations talk about the relevant diagnostic tests. Lapproccio diagnostico alle forme piu comuni di anemia pediatrica in base alle fasce deta, con cenni relativi alle forme piu rare, verra di seguito affrontato. Anemias en pediatria diagnostico, interpretacion del hemograma dra. Na gravidez existe anemia relativa, por hemodiluicao, alem daquela por carencia nutricional. Evaluation of anemia in children american academy of. Introduce the systemic classification of anemia on the basis of morphology and red blood cell production.
Screening for anemia in highrisk infants and toddlers is recommended. Two types of hemolytic anemia acute, acquired hemolytic anemia associated with exposure to primaquine, sulfa drugs chronic mild hemolytic anemia common in africans, caucasians, as compared to mediterraneans glucose6phosphate deficiency g6pd. Pediatric anemia refers to a hemoglobin or hematocrit level lower than the ageadjusted reference range for healthy children. Anemia or sickle cell anemia is one of the most common structural hemoglobinopathies in the world. Anemia can also be classified on the basis of mchc. At birth the patients are asymptomatic, the first clinical. The reticulocyte count is used to assess the appropriateness of the bone marrow response to anemia. If you have anemia, your blood does not carry enough oxygen to the rest of your body.
Aplastic anemia, which occurs when the bone marrow fails to produce enough red blood cells. Evaluation of anemia in children jennifer janus, md, johns hopkins community physicians, hagerstown, maryland sarah k. Anemia ferropenica y megaloblastica pediatria, mexico by normsmd. Medlineplus en espanol tambien contiene enlaces a sitios web no gubernamentales.
Epidemiologia, fisiologia, diagnostico y tratamiento. Define anemia and red blood cell rbc indices in pediatric patients learn to categorize anemias based on rbc size and mechanism understand the presentation, workup, and treatment of pediatric anemias will not discuss anemia secondary to blood loss or anemia secondary to malignancy in great detail. Anemia due to hemolysis or bleeding is characterized by the presence of a reticulocytosis. Protocolo clinico e diretrizes terapeuticas anemia por. The most common cause of anemia is not having enough iron. Physiologically, anemia is a condition in which reduced hematocrit or hemoglobin levels lead to diminished oxygencarrying capacity that does not optimally meet the metabolic demands of the body. Discover everything scribd has to offer, including books and audiobooks from major publishers. Hemolytic anemia, a condition where the body destroys red blood cells prematurely. It carries oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body. Algoritmo diagnostico per lanemia in eta pediatrica. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Jun 15, 2010 an estimated 20 percent of american children will have anemia at some point in their childhood. Hypochromic anemia is defined as anemia with low mchc. B 9, 18, 19 if anemia is consistent with iron deficiency in a child six to 36 months of age with.